Noise sensitivity in dogs describes an overreaction or fear response to certain sounds. It’s one of the most common behavioural concerns in pets and can range from mild startle responses to full panic. Dogs with noise sensitivity may tremble, hide, or pace when exposed to noise "triggers". While genetics and early life experiences can play a role, the brain’s stress circuits are at the core of this response.
quick summary
Noise sensitivity in dogs is an exaggerated fear response to sound.
Triggered by loud, unpredictable, or unfamiliar noises
Common around fireworks, thunder, or home appliances
Linked to stress hormone surges and past experiences
Behaviour support and predictable routines can help
What is actually going on?
Noise sensitivity occurs when a dog's brain interprets certain sounds as potential threats. The amygdala - the area of the brain that processes fear - activates the body's 'fight, flight, or freeze' system, releasing adrenaline and cortisol through the HPA axis stress response. This makes the heart race, muscles tense, and senses heighten. In thunderstorm-phobic dogs, research shows cortisol levels can spike by 207% and remain elevated for over 40 minutes. For dogs predisposed to anxiety, that system overreacts even to harmless sounds. Genetics, pain, and previous negative experiences can all prime the brain for this heightened reaction.
Over time, dogs can learn to associate certain noises with fear or discomfort, creating a conditioned response. Even the quiet buildup before a storm or fireworks can trigger anxiety because the dog begins to anticipate what’s coming. Chronic stress also affects sleep, digestion, and learning, so ongoing noise sensitivity can negatively influence their general wellbeing. Recognising subtle signs before full panic sets in allows owners to intervene early with calm handling, and gradual desensitisation strategies.
things to look out for
Trembling or shaking during loud sounds
Hiding, or seeking reassurance from their owner
Pacing or panting before storms
Loss of appetite or refusal to go outside
Destructive behaviour when left alone during noise
